Navigation History
概览
The NavigationHistory class allows you to manage and interact with the browsing history of your Electron application. 这个强大的功能可让您为用户创建直观的导航体验。
用法
Navigation history is stored per WebContents
instance. 要访问导航历史类的具体实例,请使用 Webcontent 类contents.navigationHistory
实例属性。
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow()
const { navigationHistory } = mainWindow.webContents
通过历史记录导航
轻松实现前进和后退导航:
// 后退
if (navigationHistory.canGoBack()) {
navigationHistory.goBack()
}
// 前进
if (navigationHistory.canGoForward()) {
navigationHistory.goForward()
}
访问历史记录条目
检索并显示用户浏览历史:
const entries = navigationHistory.getAllEntries()
entries.forEach((entry) => {
console.log(`${entry.title}: ${entry.url}`)
})
Each navigation entry corresponds to a specific page. 索引系统依顺序排列:
- 索引 0: 代表最早访问的页面。
- 索引 N:代表最近访问的页面。
导航到特定条目
允许用户跳转到他们浏览历史上的任何一点:
// 如果索引有效,则导航到历史记录中的第5个条目
navigationHistory.goToIndex(4)
// 导航至当前位置向前的第2个条目
if (navigationHistory.canGoToOffset(2)) {
navigationHistory.goToOffset(2)
}
下面是您可以使用 Electron Fiddle 打开的完整示例:
- main.js
- preload.js
- index.html
- renderer.js
- style.css
const { app, BrowserWindow, BrowserView, ipcMain } = require('electron')
const path = require('path')
function createWindow () {
const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
width: 1000,
height: 800,
webPreferences: {
preload: path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js'),
nodeIntegration: false,
contextIsolation: true
}
})
mainWindow.loadFile('index.html')
const view = new BrowserView()
mainWindow.setBrowserView(view)
view.setBounds({ x: 0, y: 100, width: 1000, height: 800 })
view.setAutoResize({ width: true, height: true })
const navigationHistory = view.webContents.navigationHistory
ipcMain.handle('nav:back', () =>
navigationHistory.goBack()
)
ipcMain.handle('nav:forward', () => {
navigationHistory.goForward()
})
ipcMain.handle('nav:canGoBack', () => navigationHistory.canGoBack())
ipcMain.handle('nav:canGoForward', () => navigationHistory.canGoForward())
ipcMain.handle('nav:loadURL', (_, url) =>
view.webContents.loadURL(url)
)
ipcMain.handle('nav:getCurrentURL', () => view.webContents.getURL())
ipcMain.handle('nav:getHistory', () => {
return navigationHistory.getAllEntries()
})
view.webContents.on('did-navigate', () => {
mainWindow.webContents.send('nav:updated')
})
view.webContents.on('did-navigate-in-page', () => {
mainWindow.webContents.send('nav:updated')
})
}
app.whenReady().then(createWindow)
app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
if (process.platform !== 'darwin') app.quit()
})
app.on('activate', () => {
if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) createWindow()
})
const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
goBack: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('nav:back'),
goForward: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('nav:forward'),
canGoBack: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('nav:canGoBack'),
canGoForward: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('nav:canGoForward'),
loadURL: (url) => ipcRenderer.invoke('nav:loadURL', url),
getCurrentURL: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('nav:getCurrentURL'),
getHistory: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('nav:getHistory'),
onNavigationUpdate: (callback) => ipcRenderer.on('nav:updated', callback)
})
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Enhanced Browser with Navigation History</title>
<link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="controls">
<button id="backBtn" title="Go back">Back</button>
<button id="forwardBtn" title="Go forward">Forward</button>
<button id="backHistoryBtn" title="Show back history">Back History</button>
<button id="forwardHistoryBtn" title="Show forward history">Forward History</button>
<input id="urlInput" type="text" placeholder="Enter URL">
<button id="goBtn" title="Navigate to URL">Go</button>
</div>
<div id="historyPanel" class="history-panel"></div>
<div id="description">
<h2>Navigation History Demo</h2>
<p>This demo showcases Electron's NavigationHistory API functionality.</p>
<p><strong>Back/Forward:</strong> Navigate through your browsing history.</p>
<p><strong>Back History/Forward History:</strong> View and select from your browsing history.</p>
<p><strong>URL Bar:</strong> Enter a URL and click 'Go' or press Enter to navigate.</p>
</div>
<script src="renderer.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
const backBtn = document.getElementById('backBtn')
const forwardBtn = document.getElementById('forwardBtn')
const backHistoryBtn = document.getElementById('backHistoryBtn')
const forwardHistoryBtn = document.getElementById('forwardHistoryBtn')
const urlInput = document.getElementById('urlInput')
const goBtn = document.getElementById('goBtn')
const historyPanel = document.getElementById('historyPanel')
async function updateButtons () {
const canGoBack = await window.electronAPI.canGoBack()
const canGoForward = await window.electronAPI.canGoForward()
backBtn.disabled = !canGoBack
backHistoryBtn.disabled = !canGoBack
forwardBtn.disabled = !canGoForward
forwardHistoryBtn.disabled = !canGoForward
}
async function updateURL () {
urlInput.value = await window.electronAPI.getCurrentURL()
}
function transformURL (url) {
if (!url.startsWith('http://') && !url.startsWith('https://')) {
const updatedUrl = 'https://' + url
return updatedUrl
}
return url
}
async function navigate (url) {
const urlInput = transformURL(url)
await window.electronAPI.loadURL(urlInput)
}
async function showHistory (forward = false) {
const history = await window.electronAPI.getHistory()
const currentIndex = history.findIndex(entry => entry.url === transformURL(urlInput.value))
if (!currentIndex) {
return
}
const relevantHistory = forward
? history.slice(currentIndex + 1)
: history.slice(0, currentIndex).reverse()
historyPanel.innerHTML = ''
relevantHistory.forEach(entry => {
const div = document.createElement('div')
div.textContent = `Title: ${entry.title}, URL: ${entry.url}`
div.onclick = () => navigate(entry.url)
historyPanel.appendChild(div)
})
historyPanel.style.display = 'block'
}
backBtn.addEventListener('click', () => window.electronAPI.goBack())
forwardBtn.addEventListener('click', () => window.electronAPI.goForward())
backHistoryBtn.addEventListener('click', () => showHistory(false))
forwardHistoryBtn.addEventListener('click', () => showHistory(true))
goBtn.addEventListener('click', () => navigate(urlInput.value))
urlInput.addEventListener('keypress', (e) => {
if (e.key === 'Enter') {
navigate(urlInput.value)
}
})
document.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
if (e.target !== historyPanel && !historyPanel.contains(e.target) &&
e.target !== backHistoryBtn && e.target !== forwardHistoryBtn) {
historyPanel.style.display = 'none'
}
})
window.electronAPI.onNavigationUpdate(() => {
updateButtons()
updateURL()
})
updateButtons()
body {
margin: 0;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f0f0f0;
}
#controls {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
padding: 10px;
background-color: #ffffff;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
}
button {
margin-right: 10px;
padding: 8px 12px;
font-size: 14px;
background-color: #4CAF50;
color: white;
border: none;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #45a049;
}
button:disabled {
background-color: #cccccc;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
#urlInput {
flex-grow: 1;
margin: 0 10px;
padding: 8px;
font-size: 14px;
}
#historyPanel {
display: none;
position: absolute;
top: 60px;
left: 10px;
background: white;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 10px;
max-height: 300px;
overflow-y: auto;
z-index: 1000;
}
#historyPanel div {
cursor: pointer;
padding: 5px;
}
#description {
background-color: #f0f0f0;
padding: 10px;
margin-top: 150px;
}