El equipo de Electron esta emocionado de anunciar el lanzamiento de Electron 5.0.0! You can install it with npm via npm install electron@latest or download the tarballs from our releases page. The release is packed with upgrades, fixes, and new features. We can't wait to see what you build with them! Continue reading for details about this release, and please share any feedback you have!

What's New?​

Much of Electron's functionality is provided by the core components of Chromium, Node.js, and V8. Electron keeps up-to-date with these projects to provide our users with new JavaScript features, performance improvements, and security fixes. Each of these packages has a major version bump in Electron 5:

• Chromium 73.0.3683.119
  • Nuevo en 70
  • Nuevo en 71
  • Nuevo en 72
  • Nuevo en 73
• Node.js 12.0.0
  • Node 12 Blog Post
• V8 7.3.492.27.
  • New JS Features

Electron 5 also includes improvements to Electron-specific APIs. A summary of the major changes is below; for the full list of changes, check out the Electron v5.0.0 release notes.

Promisificación​

Electron 5 continues Promisification initiative initiative to convert Electron's callback-based API to use Promises. These APIs were converted for Electron 5:

• app.getFileIcon
• contentTracing.getCategories
• contentTracing.startRecording
• contentTracing.stopRecording
• debugger.sendCommand
• Cookies API
• shell.openExternal
• webContents.loadFile
• webContents.loadURL
• webContents.zoomLevel
• webContents.zoomFactor
• win.capturePage

System colors access for macOS​

These functions were changed or added to systemPreferences to access macOS systems' colors:

• systemPreferences.getAccentColor
• systemPreferences.getColor
• systemPreferences.getSystemColor

Process memory information​

The function process.getProcessMemoryInfo has been added to get memory usage statistics about the current process.

Additional filtering for remote APIs​

To improve security in the remote API, new remote events have been added so that remote.getBuiltin, remote.getCurrentWindow, remote.getCurrentWebContents and <webview>.getWebContents can be filtered.

Multiple BrowserViews on BrowserWindow​

BrowserWindow now supports managing multiple BrowserViews within the same BrowserWindow.

Restaurar archivos borrados​

Defaults for packaged apps​

Packaged apps will now behave the same as the default app: a default application menu will be created unless the app has one and the window-all-closed event will be automatically handled unless the app handles the event.

Mixed sandbox​

Mixed sandbox mode is now enabled by default. Renderers launched with sandbox: true will now be actually sandboxed, where previously they would only be sandboxed if mixed-sandbox mode was also enabled.

Security improvements​

The default values of nodeIntegration and webviewTag are now false to improve security.

Spellchecker now asynchronous​

La API SpellCheck ha sido cambiada para proveer resultados asíncronos.

Deprecations​

The following APIs are newly deprecated in Electron 5.0.0 and planned for removal in 6.0.0:

Mksnapshot binaries for arm and arm64​

Los binarios nativos de mksnapshot para brazo y arm64 están obsoletos y se eliminarán en 6. .0. Se pueden crear instantáneas para brazos y arm64 usando los binarios x64.

ServiceWorker APIs on WebContents​

Deprecated ServiceWorker APIs on WebContents in preparation for their removal.

• webContents.hasServiceWorker
• webContents.unregisterServiceWorker

Automatic modules with sandboxed webContents​

In order to improve security, the following modules are being deprecated for use directly via require and will instead need to be included via remote.require in a sandboxed webcontents:

• electron.screen
• child_process
• fs
• os
• ruta

webFrame APIs del mundo Aislado​

webFrame.setIsolatedWorldContentSecurityPolicy,webFrame.setIsolatedWorldHumanReadableName, webFrame.setIsolatedWorldSecurityOrigin have been deprecated in favor of webFrame.setIsolatedWorldInfo.

Mixed sandbox​

enableMixedSandbox and the --enable-mixed-sandbox command-line switch still exist for compatibility, but are deprecated and have no effect.

End of support for 2.0.x​

Per our supported versions policy, 2.0.x has reached end of life.

Programa de retroalimentación​

We continue to use our App Feedback Program for testing. Projects who participate in this program test Electron betas on their apps; and in return, the new bugs they find are prioritized for the stable release. If you'd like to participate or learn more, check out our blog post about the program.

What's Next​

In the short term, you can expect the team to continue to focus on keeping up with the development of the major components that make up Electron, including Chromium, Node, and V8. Although we are careful not to make promises about release dates, our plan is release new major versions of Electron with new versions of those components approximately quarterly. El calendario tentativo 6.0.0 traza fechas claves en el ciclo de vida del desarrollo de Electron 6. Also, see our versioning document for more detailed information about versioning in Electron.

For information on planned breaking changes in upcoming versions of Electron, see our Planned Breaking Changes doc.

If you're having trouble using a native Node.js addon with Electron 5.0, there's a chance it needs to be updated to work with the most recent version of V8.

Goodbye v8::Handle, Hello v8::Local​

In 2014, the V8 team deprecated v8::Handle in favor of v8::Local for local handles. Electron 5.0 includes a version of V8 that has finally removed v8::Handle for good, and native Node.js addons that still use it will need to be updated before they can be used with Electron 5.0.

The required code change is minimal, but every native Node module that still uses v8::Handle will fail to build with Electron 5.0 and will need to be modified. The good news is that Node.js v12 will also include this V8 change, so any modules that use v8::Handle will need to be updated anyway to work with the upcoming version of Node.

I maintain a native addon, how can I help?​

If you maintain a native addon for Node.js, ensure you replace all occurrences of v8::Handle with v8::Local. The former was just an alias of the latter, so no other changes need to be made to address this specific issue.

You may also be interested in looking into N-API, which is maintained separately from V8 as a part of Node.js itself, and aims to insulate native addons from changes in the underlying JavaScript engine. You can find more information in the N-API documentation on the Node.js website.

Ayuda! I use a native addon in my app and it won't work!​

If you're consuming a native addon for Node.js in your app and the native addon will not build because of this issue, check with the author of the addon to see if they've released a new version that fixes the problem. If not, reaching out to the author (or opening a Pull Request!) is probably your best bet.

Por primera vez en la historia, Electron está emocionado de dar a conocer nuestro programa de lanzamiento a partir de la v5. Este es nuestro primer paso para tener una cronología pública a largo plazo.

As mentioned in our v4.0.0 stable release blog post, we are planning to release approximately quarterly to maintain closer cadence with Chromium releases. Chromium releases a new version very quickly -- every 6 weeks.

Take a look at progression in Electron versus Chromium side-by-side:

In the last half of 2018, our top priority was releasing faster and catching up closer to Chromium. We succeeded by sticking to a predetermined timeline. Electron 3.0.0 and 4.0.0 were released in a 2-3 month timeline for each release. We are optimistic about continuing that pace in releasing 5.0.0 and beyond. With a major Electron release approximately every quarter, we're now keeping pace with Chromium's release cadence. Getting ahead of Chromium stable release is always a goal for us and we are taking steps towards that.

We would love to promise future dates like Node.js and Chromium do, but we are not at that place yet. We are optimistic that we will reach a long-term timeline in the future.

Con esto en mente, estamos dando los primeros pasos publicando nuestro calendario de lanzamiento para v5.0.0. Puedes encontrar eso aquí.

To help us with testing our beta releases and stabilization, please consider joining our App Feedback Program.

¡ El equipo de electrones se complace en anunciar que el lanzamiento estable de Electron 4 ya está disponible! Puedes instalarlo desde electronjs.org o desde npm a través de npm install electron@latest. El lanzamiento está repleto de actualizaciones, correcciones y nuevas características, y no podemos esperar a ver lo que construyes con ellos. ¡Lea más para obtener más información sobre esta versión, y por favor comparta cualquier comentario que tenga mientras explora!

What's New?​

Una gran parte de la funcionalidad de Electron es proporcionada por Chromium, Node.js y V8, los componentes principales que componen Electron. Como tal, un objetivo clave para el equipo de Electron es mantenerse al día con los cambios en estos proyectos tanto como sea posible proporcionando a los desarrolladores que construyen aplicaciones Electron acceso a nuevas características web y JavaScript. Con este fin, Electron 4 presenta los principales saltos de versión de cada uno de estos componentes; Electron v 4.0.0 incluye 69.0.3497.106de cromo, 10.11.0de nodo y 6.9.427.24V8.

Además, Electron 4 incluye cambios en las APIs específicas de Electron. Puedes encontrar un resumen de los cambios principales en Electron 4 a continuación; para ver la lista completa de cambios, revisa las notas de lanzamiento de Electron v 4.0.0.

Deshabilitar el módulo remote​

Ahora tiene la habilidad de desactivar el módulo remote por razones de seguridad. El módulo puede ser deshabilitado para etiquetas BrowserWindows y webview:

// BrowserWindow
new BrowserWindow({
  webPreferences: {
    enableRemoteModule: false
  }
})

// webview tag
<webview src="http://www.google.com/" enableremotemodule="false"></webview>

Consulte la documentación de BrowserWindow y <webview> Tag para más información.

Filtrando remote.require() / remote.getGlobal() solicitudes​

Esta característica es útil si no desea deshabilitar completamente el módulo remote en su proceso de renderizado o webview pero le gustaría un control adicional sobre qué módulos pueden ser requeridos vía remote.require.

Cuando se requiere un módulo a través de remote.require en un proceso de renderizado, se eleva un evento remote-require en el módulo app. Puede llamar a event.preventDefault() en el evento (el primer argumento) para evitar que el módulo sea cargado. La WebContents instancia donde ocurrió la solicitud es pasada como el segundo argumento, y el nombre del módulo es pasado como el tercer argumento. El mismo evento también se emite en la instancia de WebContents, pero en este caso, los únicos argumentos son el evento y el nombre del módulo. En ambos casos, puede devolver un valor personalizado estableciendo el valor de event.returnValue.

// Controla `remote.require` desde todos los WebContents:
app.on('remote-require', function (event, webContents, requestedModuleName) {
  // ...
});

// Control `remote.require` from a specific WebContents instance:
browserWin.webContents.on(
  'remote-require',
  function (event, requestedModuleName) {
    // ...
  }
);

De una manera similar, cuando se llama a remote.getGlobal(name), se levanta un evento remote-get-global. Esto funciona del mismo modo que el evento remote-require: llame a preventDefault() para evitar que el global sea devuelto, y establece event.returnValue para retornar un valor personalizado.

// Control `remote.getGlobal` from all WebContents:
app.on(
  'remote-get-global',
  function (event, webContents, requrestedGlobalName) {
    // ...
  }
);

// Control `remote.getGlobal` from a specific WebContents instance:
browserWin.webContents.on(
  'remote-get-global',
  function (event, requestedGlobalName) {
    // ...
  }
);

Para obtener más información, consulte la siguiente documentación:

• remote.require
• remote.getGlobal
• app
• WebContents

JavaScript Access to the About Panel​

En macOS, ahora puede llamar a app.showAboutPanel() para mostrar programáticamente el panel Acerca, al igual que hacer clic en el elemento de menú creado a través de {role: 'about'}. Vea la documentación de showAboutPanel para más información

Controlando WebContents Limitando el segundo plano​

WebContents instances now have a method setBackgroundThrottling(allowed) to enable or disable throttling of timers and animations when the page is backgrounded.

let win = new BrowserWindow(...)
win.webContents.setBackgroundThrottling(enableBackgroundThrottling)
win.webContents.setBackgroundThrottling(enableBackgroundThrottling)

See the setBackgroundThrottling documentation for more information.

Restaurar archivos borrados​

No más soporte para macOS 10.9​

Chromium no longer supports macOS 10.9 (OS X Mavericks), and as a result Electron 4.0 and beyond does not support it either.

Single Instance Locking​

Previously, to make your app a Single Instance Application (ensuring that only one instance of your app is running at any given time), you could use the app.makeSingleInstance() method. Starting in Electron 4.0, you must use app.requestSingleInstanceLock() instead. The return value of this method indicates whether or not this instance of your application successfully obtained the lock. If it failed to obtain the lock, you can assume that another instance of your application is already running with the lock and exit immediately.

For an example of using requestSingleInstanceLock() and information on nuanced behavior on various platforms, see the documentation for app.requestSingleInstanceLock() and related methods and the second-instance event.

win_delay_load_hook​

When building native modules for windows, the win_delay_load_hook variable in the module's binding.gyp must be true (which is the default). If this hook is not present, then the native module will fail to load on Windows, with an error message like Cannot find module. See the native module guide for more information.

Deprecations​

The following breaking changes are planned for Electron 5.0, and thus are deprecated in Electron 4.0.

Node.js Integration Disabled for nativeWindowOpen-ed Windows​

Starting in Electron 5.0, child windows opened with the nativeWindowOpen option will always have Node.js integration disabled.

webPreferences Default Values​

When creating a new BrowserWindow with the webPreferences option set, the following webPreferences option defaults are deprecated in favor of new defaults listed below:

Please note: there is currently a known bug (#9736) that prevents the webview tag from working if contextIsolation is on. Keep an eye on the GitHub issue for up-to-date information!

Learn more about context isolation, Node integration, and the webview tag in the Electron security document.

Electron 4.0 will still use the current defaults, but if you don't pass an explicit value for them, you'll see a deprecation warning. To prepare your app for Electron 5.0, use explicit values for these options. See the BrowserWindow docs for details on each of these options.

webContents.findInPage(text[, options])​

The medialCapitalAsWordStart and wordStart options have been deprecated as they have been removed upstream.

Programa de retroalimentación​

The App Feedback Program we instituted during the development of Electron 3.0 was successful, so we've continued it during the development of 4.0 as well. We'd like to extend a massive thank you to Atlassian, Discord, MS Teams, OpenFin, Slack, Symphony, WhatsApp, and the other program members for their involvement during the 4.0 beta cycle. To learn more about the App Feedback Program and to participate in future betas, check out our blog post about the program.

What's Next​

In the short term, you can expect the team to continue to focus on keeping up with the development of the major components that make up Electron, including Chromium, Node, and V8. Although we are careful not to make promises about release dates, our plan is release new major versions of Electron with new versions of those components approximately quarterly. See our versioning document for more detailed information about versioning in Electron.

For information on planned breaking changes in upcoming versions of Electron, see our Planned Breaking Changes doc.

¡El equipo de Electron se complace en anunciar que la primera versión estable de Electron 3 se encuentra disponible desde electronjs.org y a través de npm install electron@latest! El lanzamiento está lleno de actualizaciones, mejores y nuevas características, y no podemos esperar para ver qué construirás con estas. A continuación se comparten los detalles sobre este lanzamiento, y le damos la bienvenida a tus comentarios mientras exploras.

Release Process​

As we undertook development of v3.0.0, we sought to more empirically define criteria for a stable release by formalizing the feedback progress for progressive beta releases. v3.0.0 would not have been possible without our App Feedback Program partners, who provided early testing and feedback during the beta cycle. Thanks to Atlassian, Atom, Microsoft Teams, Oculus, OpenFin, Slack, Symphony, VS Code, and other program members for their work. If you'd like to participate in future betas, please mail us at info@electronjs.org.

Changes / New Features​

Major bumps to several important parts of Electron's toolchain, including Chrome v66.0.3359.181, Node v10.2.0, and V8 v6.6.346.23.

• [#12656] feat: app.isPackaged
• [#12652] feat: app.whenReady()
• [#13183] feat: process.getHeapStatistics()
• [#12485] feat: win.moveTop() to move window z-order to top
• [#13110] feat: TextField and Button APIs
• [#13068] feat: netLog API for dynamic logging control
• [#13539] feat: enable webview in sandbox renderer
• [#14118] feat: fs.readSync now works with massive files
• [#14031] feat: node fs wrappers to make fs.realpathSync.native and fs.realpath.native available

Breaking API changes​

• [#12362] feat: updates to menu item order control
• [#13050] refactor: removed documented deprecated APIs
  • See docs for more details
• [#12477] refactor: removed did-get-response-details and did-get-redirect-request events
• [#12655] feat: default to disabling navigating on drag/drop
• [#12993] feat: Node v4.x or greater is required use the electron npm module
• [#12008 #12140 #12503 #12514 #12584 #12596 #12637 #12660 #12696 #12716 #12750 #12787 #12858] refactor: NativeWindow
• [#11968] refactor: menu.popup()
• [#8953] feat: no longer use JSON to send the result of ipcRenderer.sendSync
• [#13039] feat: default to ignore command line arguments following a URL
• [#12004] refactor: rename api::Window to api::BrowserWindow
• [#12679] feat: visual zoom now turned off by default
• [#12408] refactor: rename app-command media-play_pause to media-play-pause

macOS​

• [#12093] feat: workspace notifications support
• [#12496] feat: tray.setIgnoreDoubleClickEvents(ignore) to ignore tray double click events.
• [#12281] feat: mouse forward functionality on macOS
• [#12714] feat: screen lock / unlock events

Windows​

• [#12879] feat: added DIP to/from screen coordinate conversions

Nota Bene: Switching to an older version of Electron after running this version will require you to clear out your user data directory to avoid older versions crashing. You can get the user data directory by running console.log(app.getPath("userData")) or see docs for more details.

Bug Fixes​

• [#13397] fix: issue with fs.statSyncNoException throwing exceptions
• [#13476, #13452] fix: crash when loading site with jquery
• [#14092] fix: crash in net::ClientSocketHandle destructor
• [#14453] fix: notify focus change right away rather not on next tick

MacOS​

• [#13220] fix: issue allowing bundles to be selected in <input file="type"> open file dialog
• [#12404] fix: issue blocking main process when using async dialog
• [#12043] fix: context menu click callback
• [#12527] fix: event leak on reuse of touchbar item
• [#12352] fix: tray title crash
• [#12327] fix: non-draggable regions
• [#12809] fix: to prevent menu update while it's open
• [#13162] fix: tray icon bounds not allowing negative values
• [#13085] fix: tray title not inverting when highlighted
• [#12196] fix: Mac build when enable_run_as_node==false
• [#12157] fix: additional issues on frameless windows with vibrancy
• [#13326] fix: to set mac protocol to none after calling app.removeAsDefaultProtocolClient
• [#13530] fix: incorrect usage of private APIs in MAS build
• [#13517] fix: tray.setContextMenu crash
• [#14205] fix: pressing escape on a dialog now closes it even if defaultId is set

Linux​

• [#12507] fix: BrowserWindow.focus() for offscreen windows

Other Notes​

• PDF Viewer is currently not working but is being worked on and will be functional once again soon
• TextField and Button APIs are experimental and are therefore off by default
  • They can be enabled with the enable_view_api build flag

What's Next

The Electron team continues to work on defining our processes for more rapid and smooth upgrades as we seek to ultimately maintain parity with the development cadences of Chromium, Node, and V8.

After more than four months of development, eight beta releases, and worldwide testing from many apps' staged rollouts, the release of Electron 2.0.0 is now available from electronjs.org.

Release Process​

Starting with 2.0.0, Electron's releases will follow semantic versioning. This means the major version will bump more often and will usually be a major update to Chromium. Patch releases should be more stable because they will contain only high-priority bug fixes.

Electron 2.0.0 also represents an improvement to how Electron is stabilized before a major release. Several large scale Electron apps have included 2.0.0 betas in staged rollouts, providing the best feedback loop Electron's ever had for a beta series.

Changes / New Features​

• Major bumps to several important parts of Electron's toolchain, including Chrome 61, Node 8.9.3, V8 6.1.534.41, GTK+ 3 on Linux, updated spellchecker, and Squirrel.
• In-app purchases are now supported on MacOS. #11292
• New API for loading files. #11565
• New API to enable/disable a window. #11832
• New API app.setLocale(). #11469
• New support for logging IPC messages. #11880
• New menu events. #11754
• Add a shutdown event to powerMonitor. #11417
• Add affinity option for gathering several BrowserWindows into a single process. #11501
• Add the ability for saveDialog to list available extensions. #11873
• Support for additional notification actions #11647
• The ability to set macOS notification close button title. #11654
• Add conditional for menu.popup(window, callback)
• Memory improvements in touchbar items. #12527
• Improved security recommendation checklist.
• Add App-Scoped Security scoped bookmarks. #11711
• Add ability to set arbitrary arguments in a renderer process. #11850
• Add accessory view for format picker. #11873
• Fixed network delegate race condition. #12053
• Drop support for the mips64el arch on Linux. Electron requires the C++14 toolchain, which was not available for that arch at the time of the release. We hope to re-add support in the future.

Breaking API changes​

• Removed deprecated APIs, including:
  • Changed menu.popup signature. #11968
  • Eliminado obsoleto crashReporter.setExtraParameter #11972
  • Removed deprecated webContents.setZoomLevelLimits and webFrame.setZoomLevelLimits. #11974
  • Removed deprecated clipboard methods. #11973
  • Removed support for boolean parameters for tray.setHighlightMode. #11981

Bug Fixes​

• Changed to make sure webContents.isOffscreen() is always available. #12531
• Fixed BrowserWindow.getFocusedWindow() when DevTools is undocked and focused. #12554
• Fixed preload not loading in sandboxed render if preload path contains special chars. #12643
• Correct the default of allowRunningInsecureContent as per docs. #12629
• Fixed transparency on nativeImage. #12683
• Fixed issue with Menu.buildFromTemplate. #12703
• Confirmed menu.popup options are objects. #12330
• Removed a race condition between new process creation and context release. #12361
• Update draggable regions when changing BrowserView. #12370
• Fixed menubar toggle alt key detection on focus. #12235
• Fixed incorrect warnings in webviews. #12236
• Fixed inheritance of 'show' option from parent windows. #122444
• Ensure that getLastCrashReport() is actually the last crash report. #12255
• Fixed require on network share path. #12287
• Fixed context menu click callback. #12170
• Fixed popup menu position. #12181
• Improved libuv loop cleanup. #11465
• Fixed hexColorDWORDToRGBA for transparent colors. #11557
• Fixed null pointer dereference with getWebPreferences api. #12245
• Fixed a cyclic reference in menu delegate. #11967
• Fixed protocol filtering of net.request. #11657
• WebFrame.setVisualZoomLevelLimits now sets user-agent scale constraints #12510
• Set appropriate defaults for webview options. #12292
• Improved vibrancy support. #12157 #12171 #11886
• Fixed timing issue in singleton fixture.
• Fixed broken production cache in NotifierSupportsActions()
• Made MenuItem roles camelCase-compatible. #11532
• Improved touch bar updates. #11812, #11761.
• Removed extra menu separators. #11827
• Fixed Bluetooth chooser bug. Closes #11399.
• Fixed macos Full Screen Toggle menu item label. #11633
• Improved tooltip hiding when a window is deactivated. #11644
• Migrated deprecated web-view method. #11798
• Fixed closing a window opened from a browserview. #11799
• Fixed Bluetooth chooser bug. #11492
• Updated to use task scheduler for app.getFileIcon API. #11595
• Changed to fire console-message event even when rendering offscreen. #11921
• Fixed downloading from custom protocols using WebContents.downloadURL. #11804
• Fixed transparent windows losing transparency when devtools detaches. #11956
• Fixed Electron apps canceling restart or shutdown. #11625

macOS​

• Fixed event leak on reuse of touchbar item. #12624
• Fixed tray highlight in darkmode. #12398
• Fixed blocking main process for async dialog. #12407
• Fixed setTitle tray crash. #12356
• Fixed crash when setting dock menu. #12087

Linux​

• Better Linux desktop notifications. #12229 #12216 #11965 #11980
• Better GTK+ theme support for menus. #12331
• Exit gracefully on linux. #12139
• Use the app’s name as the tray icon's default tooltip. #12393

Windows​

• Added Visual Studio 2017 support. #11656
• Fixed passing of exception to the system crash handler. #12259
• Fixed hiding tooltip from minimized window. #11644
• Fixed desktopCapturer to capture the correct screen. #11664
• Fixed disableHardwareAcceleration with transparency. #11704

What's Next

The Electron team is hard at work to support newer versions of Chromium, Node, and v8. Expect 3.0.0-beta.1 soon!

Una nueva versión mayor de Electron está en desarrollo, y con ella algunos cambios en nuestra estrategia de versiones. As of version 2.0.0, Electron will strictly adhere to Semantic Versioning.

This change means you'll see the major version bump more often, and it will usually be a major update to Chromium. Patch releases will also be more stable, as they will now only contain bug fixes with no new features.

Incrementos de versiones major

• Actualización de versiones de Chromium
• Actualizaciones en la version major de Node.js
• Cambios incompatibles con la API de Electron

Incrementos de version minor

• Actualizaciones en la version minor de Node.js
• Cambios compatibles de la API de Electron

Incrementos en la versión patch

• Actualizaciones en la version patch de Node.js
• parches de chromium relacionados con soluciones de problemas
• Solución a fallos de Electron

Because Electron's semver ranges will now be more meaningful, we recommend installing Electron using npm's default --save-dev flag, which will prefix your version with ^, keeping you safely up to date with minor and patch updates:

npm install --save-dev electron

For developers interested only in bug fixes, you should use the tilde semver prefix e.g. ~2.0.0, which which will never introduce new features, only fixes to improve stability.

For more details, see electronjs.org/docs/tutorial/electron-versioning.

Durante los últimos dos años, Electron ha ayudado a los desarrolladores a construir aplicaciones multiplataforma de escritorio usando HTML, CSS y JavaScript. Ahora estamos encantados de compartir un hito importante para nuestro framework y para la comunidad que lo creó. La versión de Electron 1.0 ya está disponible en electronjs.org.

Electron 1.0 representa un hito importante en la estabilidad y madurez de la API. Esta versión te permite construir aplicaciones que actúen y se sientan verdaderamente nativas en Windows, Mac y Linux. Construir aplicaciones de Electron es más fácil que nunca con nueva documentación, nuevas herramientas y una nueva aplicación para guiarlo a través de las API de Electron.

Si estás listo para construir tu primera aplicación Electron , aquí tienes una guía de inicio rápido para ayudarte a empezar.

Estaremos encantados de ver tus creaciones con Electron.

Trayectoria de Electron​

Lanzamos Electron cuando lanzamos Atom hace poco más de dos años. Electron, entonces conocido como Atom Shell, era el framework sobre el que habíamos construido Atom. En esos días, Atom fue la fuerza motriz detrás de las características y funcionalidades que Electron proporcionaba, bajo la presión de lograr el lanzamiento inicial de Atom.

Ahora conducir Electron es una creciente comunidad de desarrolladores y empresas que construyen todo desde correo electrónico, chat, y aplicaciones Git a herramientas de análisis SQL, clientes torrent, y robots.

En estos últimos dos años hemos visto tanto empresas como proyectos de código abierto elegir Electron como la base de sus aplicaciones. Justamente el año pasado, Electron ha sido descargado por más de 1.2 millones de veces. Da una visita a algunas de las increíbles aplicaciones de Electron y añade la tuya si no está ahí.

Demos de la API de Electron​

Junto con el lanzamiento de la versión 1.0, estamos lanzando una nueva aplicación para ayudarte a explorar las API de Electron y aprender más sobre cómo hacer que tu aplicación de Electron se sienta nativa. La aplicación Electron API Demos contiene fragmentos de código para ayudar a comenzar su aplicación y consejos sobre el uso efectivo de las API de Electron.

Devtron​

También hemos añadido una nueva extensión para ayudarte a depurar tus aplicaciones de Electron. Devtron es una extensión de código abierto a las Herramientas para desarrolladores de Chrome diseñadas para ayudarte a inspeccionar, debug, y solucione problemas a su aplicación Electron.

Características​

• Require graph que te ayuda a visualizar las dependencias internas y externas de las bibliotecas de tu aplicación tanto en los procesos principales como en los procesos de renderizado
• IPC monitor que rastrea y muestra los mensajes enviados y recibidos entre los procesos de tu aplicación
• Event inspector que muestra los eventos y los escuchadores que están registrados en tu aplicación en las API principales de Electron, como la ventana, la aplicación y los procesos
• App Linter que verifica tus aplicaciones en busca de errores comunes y funcionalidades faltantes

Spectron​

Finalmente, lanzamos una nueva versión de Spectron, el framework de pruebas de integración para aplicaciones Electron.

Spectron 3.0 cuenta con un soporte completo para toda la API de Electron, lo que te permite escribir pruebas más rápidamente para verificar el comportamiento de tu aplicación en diferentes escenarios y entornos. Spectron se basa en ChromeDriver y WebDriverIO por lo que también tiene APIs completas para la navegación de la página, entrada y ejecución de JavaScript.

Comunidad​

Electron 1.0 es el resultado de un esfuerzo de la comunidad realizado por cientos de desarrolladores. Además de la estructura principal, se han lanzado cientos de bibliotecas y herramientas para facilitar la construcción, empaquetado y despliegue de aplicaciones de Electron.

Ahora hay una nueva página de comunidad que muestra muchas de las increíbles herramientas de Electron , aplicaciones, bibliotecas y frameworks en desarrollo. También puede revisar Electron y Electron Userland organizaciones para ver algunos de estos fantásticos proyectos.

¿Eres nuevo en Electron? Mira el video de introducción de Electron 1.0:

Electron 0.37 fue publicado recientemente e incluye una gran actualización de Chrome 47 a Chrome 49, además de algunas nuevas APIs principales. Este último lanzamiento proporciona todas las nuevas características incluidas en Chrome 48 y Chrome 49. Esto incluye las propiedades personalizadas de CSS, soporte incrementado de ES6, mejoras en KeyboardEvent, mejoras en Promise y otras nuevas características disponibles en tu aplicación de Electron.

What's New​

Propiedades personalizadas de CSS​

Si anteriormente has utilizado lenguajes procesados previamente como Sass y Less, es probablemente que estés familiarizado con las variables, que te permiten definir valores reutilizables en cosas como esquemas de color y diseños. Las variables ayudan a mantener las hojas de estilo SECAS y más fáciles de mantener.

Las propiedades personalizadas de CSS son similares a las variables previamente procesadas en el sentido de que son reutilizables, pero también tienen una cualidad única que las hace más poderosas y flexibles: estas pueden ser manipuladas con JavaScript. Esta sutil pero poderosa característica permite realizar cambios dinámicos a las interfaces visuales, mientras estas se benefician de la aceleración por hardware de CSS y la reducción de código duplicado entre el código de la interfaz y las hojas de estilo.

Para más información sobre las propiedades personalizadas de CSS, lea el artículo de MDN y la demostración de Google Chrome.

Variables de CSS en acción​

Veamos un ejemplo de variable simple que puede modificarse sobre la marcha en tu app.

:root {
  --awesome-color: #a5ecfa;
}

body {
  background-color: var(--awesome-color);
}

El valor de la variable puede ser recuperado y modificado directamente en JavaScript:

// Obtener el valor de la variable ' #A5ECFA'
let color = window
  .getComputedStyle(document.body)
  .getPropertyValue('--awesome-color');

// Establece el valor de la variable a 'orange'
document.body.style.setProperty('--awesome-color', 'orange');

Los valores de las variables también pueden ser editadas desde la sección de Estilos en las herramientas de desarrollo para una retroalimentación y cambios rápidos:

KeyboardEvent.code Property​

Chrome 48 added the new code property available on KeyboardEvent events that will be the physical key pressed independent of the operating system keyboard layout.

This should make implementing custom keyboard shortcuts in your Electron app more accurate and consistent across machines and configurations.

window.addEventListener('keydown', function (event) {
  console.log(`${event.code} was pressed.`);
});

Check out this example to see it in action.

Promise Rejection Events​

Chrome 49 added two new window events that allow you to be notified when an rejected Promise goes unhandled.

window.addEventListener('unhandledrejection', function (event) {
  console.log('A rejected promise was unhandled', event.promise, event.reason);
});

window.addEventListener('rejectionhandled', function (event) {
  console.log('A rejected promise was handled', event.promise, event.reason);
});

Check out this example to see it in action.

ES2015 Updates in V8​

The version of V8 now in Electron incorporates 91% of ES2015. Here are a few interesting additions you can use out of the box—without flags or pre-compilers:

Default parameters​

function multiply(x, y = 1) {
  return x * y;
}

multiply(5); // 5

Asignación de desestructuración​

Chrome 49 added destructuring assignment to make assigning variables and function parameters much easier.

This makes Electron requires cleaner and more compact to assign now:

Browser Process Requires​

const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu } = require('electron');

Renderer Process Requires​

const { dialog, Tray } = require('electron').remote;

Other Examples​

// Destructuring an array and skipping the second element
const [first, , last] = findAll();

// Destructuring function parameters
function whois({ displayName: displayName, fullName: { firstName: name } }) {
  console.log(`${displayName} is ${name}`);
}

let user = {
  displayName: 'jdoe',
  fullName: {
    firstName: 'John',
    lastName: 'Doe',
  },
};
whois(user); // "jdoe is John"

// Destructuring an object
let { name, avatar } = getUser();

New Electron APIs​

A few of the new Electron APIs are below, you can see each new API in the release notes for Electron releases.

show and hide events on BrowserWindow​

These events are emitted when the window is either shown or hidden.

const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron');

let window = new BrowserWindow({ width: 500, height: 500 });
window.on('show', function () {
  console.log('Window was shown');
});
window.on('hide', function () {
  console.log('Window was hidden');
});

platform-theme-changed on app for OS X​

This event is emitted when the system’s Dark Mode theme is toggled.

const { app } = require('electron');

app.on('platform-theme-changed', function () {
  console.log(`Platform theme changed. In dark mode? ${app.isDarkMode()}`);
});

app.isDarkMode() for OS X​

This method returns true if the system is in Dark Mode, and false otherwise.

scroll-touch-begin and scroll-touch-end events to BrowserWindow for OS X​

These events are emitted when the scroll wheel event phase has begun or has ended.

const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron');

let window = new BrowserWindow({ width: 500, height: 500 });
window.on('scroll-touch-begin', function () {
  console.log('Scroll touch started');
});
window.on('scroll-touch-end', function () {
  console.log('Scroll touch ended');
});

Since the beginning of Electron, starting way back when it used to be called Atom-Shell, we have been experimenting with providing a nice cross-platform JavaScript API for Chromium's content module and native GUI components. The APIs started very organically, and over time we have made several changes to improve the initial designs.

Now with Electron gearing up for a 1.0 release, we'd like to take the opportunity for change by addressing the last niggling API details. The changes described below are included in 0.35.x, with the old APIs reporting deprecation warnings so you can get up to date for the future 1.0 release. An Electron 1.0 won't be out for a few months so you have some time before these changes become breaking.

Deprecation warnings​

By default, warnings will show if you are using deprecated APIs. To turn them off you can set process.noDeprecation to true. To track the sources of deprecated API usages, you can set process.throwDeprecation to true to throw exceptions instead of printing warnings, or set process.traceDeprecation to true to print the traces of the deprecations.

New way of using built-in modules​

Los módulos integrados ahora se agrupan en un solo módulo, en lugar de separarse en módulos independientes, así que puedes usarlos sin conflictos con otros módulos:

var app = require('electron').app;
var BrowserWindow = require('electron').BrowserWindow;

The old way of require('app') is still supported for backward compatibility, but you can also turn if off:

require('electron').hideInternalModules();
require('app'); // throws error.

An easier way to use the remote module​

Because of the way using built-in modules has changed, we have made it easier to use main-process-side modules in renderer process. You can now just access remote's attributes to use them:

// New way.
var app = require('electron').remote.app;
var BrowserWindow = require('electron').remote.BrowserWindow;

Instead of using a long require chain:

// Old way.
var app = require('electron').remote.require('app');
var BrowserWindow = require('electron').remote.require('BrowserWindow');

Splitting the ipc module​

The ipc module existed on both the main process and renderer process and the API was different on each side, which is quite confusing for new users. We have renamed the module to ipcMain in the main process, and ipcRenderer in the renderer process to avoid confusion:

// In main process.
var ipcMain = require('electron').ipcMain;

// In renderer process.
var ipcRenderer = require('electron').ipcRenderer;

And for the ipcRenderer module, an extra event object has been added when receiving messages, to match how messages are handled in ipcMain modules:

ipcRenderer.on('message', function (event) {
  console.log(event);
});

Standardizing BrowserWindow options​

The BrowserWindow options had different styles based on the options of other APIs, and were a bit hard to use in JavaScript because of the - in the names. They are now standardized to the traditional JavaScript names:

new BrowserWindow({ minWidth: 800, minHeight: 600 });

Following DOM's conventions for API names​

The API names in Electron used to prefer camelCase for all API names, like Url to URL, but the DOM has its own conventions, and they prefer URL to Url, while using Id instead of ID. We have done the following API renames to match the DOM's styles:

• Url is renamed to URL
• Csp is renamed to CSP

You will notice lots of deprecations when using Electron v0.35.0 for your app because of these changes. An easy way to fix them is to replace all instances of Url with URL.

Changes to Tray's event names​

The style of Tray event names was a bit different from other modules so a rename has been done to make it match the others.

• clicked is renamed to click
• double-clicked is renamed to double-click
• right-clicked is renamed to right-click