TypeScript Unterstützung in Electron angekündigt
Das electron-npm-Paket enthält jetzt eine TypeScript-Definitionsdatei, die detaillierte Anmerkungen zur gesamten Electron-API bereitstellt. Diese Anmerkungen können Ihre Electron-Entwicklungserfahrung verbessern, selbst wenn Sie reines JavaScript schreiben.. Führen Sie einfach npm install electron aus, um aktuelle Electron-Typisierungen in Ihr Projekt einzubinden.
TypeScript ist eine Open Source-Programmiersprache von Microsoft. Als Erweiterung von JavaScript bietet TypeScript zusätzlich die Möglichkeit, statische Typen zu verwenden. Die TypeScript-Community ist in den letzten Jahren schnell gewachsen, und TypeScript wurde 2017 in einer Stack Overflow-Entwicklerumfrage als eine der beliebtesten Programmiersprachen genannt. TypeScript wird als „skalierbares JavaScript“ beschrieben und Teams bei GitHub, Slack und Microsoft verwenden es, um skalierbare Electron-Apps zu schreiben, die von Millionen Menschen verwendet werden.
TypeScript supports many of the newer language features in JavaScript like classes, object destructuring, and async/await, but its real differentiating feature is type annotations. Declaring the input and output datatypes expected by your program can reduce bugs by helping you find errors at compile time, and the annotations can also serve as a formal declaration of how your program works.
When libraries are written in vanilla Javascript, the types are often vaguely defined as an afterthought when writing documentation. Functions can often accept more types than what was documented, or a function can have invisible constraints that are not documented, which can lead to runtime errors.
TypeScript solves this problem with definition files. A TypeScript definition file describes all the functions of a library and its expected input and output types. When library authors bundle a TypeScript definition file with their published library, consumers of that library can explore its API right inside their editor and start using it right away, often without needing to consult the library's documentation.
Many popular projects like Angular, Vue.js, node-github (and now Electron!) compile their own definition file and bundle it with their published npm package. For projects that don't bundle their own definition file, there is DefinitelyTyped, a third-party ecosystem of community-maintained definition files.
Installation
Starting at version 1.6.10, every release of Electron includes its own TypeScript definition file. When you install the electron package from npm, the electron.d.ts file is bundled automatically with the installed package.
The safest way to install Electron is using an exact version number:
npm install electron --save-dev --save-exact
Oder wenn Sie yarn verwenden:
yarn add electron --dev --exact
If you were already using third-party definitions like @types/electron and @types/node, you should remove them from your Electron project to prevent any collisions.
The definition file is derived from our structured API documentation, so it will always be consistent with Electron's API documentation. Just install electron and you'll always get TypeScript definitions that are up to date with the version of Electron you're using.
Beispiel
For a summary of how to install and use Electron's new TypeScript annotations, watch this short demo screencast:
If you're using Visual Studio Code, you've already got TypeScript support built in. There are also community-maintained plugins for Atom, Sublime, vim, and other editors.
Once your editor is configured for TypeScript, you'll start to see more context-aware behavior like autocomplete suggestions, inline method reference, argument checking, and more.
Erste Schritte mit TypeScript
Wenn du neu mit TypeScript bist und mehr erfahren möchtest, bietet dieses Einführungsvideo von Microsoft einen schönen Überblick darüber, warum die Sprache erstellt wurde, wie sie funktioniert, wie man sie benutzt und wohin es mit ihr geht.
There's also a handbook and a playground on the official TypeScript website.
Because TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript, your existing JavaScript code is already valid TypeScript. This means you can gradually transition an existing JavaScript project to TypeScript, sprinkling in new language features as needed.
Danke
This project would not have been possible without the help of Electron's community of open-source maintainers. Thanks to Samuel Attard, Felix Rieseberg, Birunthan Mohanathas, Milan Burda, Brendan Forster, and many others for their bug fixes, documentation improvements, and technical guidance.
Unterstützung
If you encounter any issues using Electron's new TypeScript definition files, please file an issue on the electron-typescript-definitions repository.
Frohes TypeScripting!