Electron pausiert vorübergehend wichtige Veröffentlichungen

Was ist los?​

Unser Haupt-Release-Kadenz-Zeitplan bewegt sich im Sperrschritt mit dem von Chromium, und das Chromium-Projekt hat vor kurzem die Entscheidung getroffen, seine Veröffentlichungen zu pausieren aufgrund von angepassten Arbeitszeiten. Das bedeutet, dass Electron für die Dauer von Chromiums veränderter Kadenz auch vorübergehend neue Hauptversionen anhalten wird.

Wir glauben, dass unsere beste Wahl darin besteht, Chromiums Fußstapfen zu folgen, und so wird sich das Electron-Team in der Zwischenzeit auf Vollzeit-Arbeit an Bugfixes, Sicherheit, Performance und Stabilität umstellen.

Wir wollen sicherstellen, dass sowohl unsere Betreuer als auch das Wohlergehen unserer Verbraucher in dieser Zeit Priorität haben. So freuen wir uns über Ihr Feedback und auf die Rückkehr zu unserem regulären Release-Zeitplan.

Für weitere Updates folgen Sie bitte unserem Twitter-Konto.

Bearbeitet (2020-03-30): Electron 9 stable zielt auf Chromium M83 und wird am 19. Mai 2020 freigegeben, als Antwort auf Chromiums Ankündigung das M82 stabile Datum zu überspringen und das M83 stabile Datum anzupassen.

At Node+JS Interactive in Montreal, the OpenJS Foundation announced that it accepted Electron into the Foundation's incubation program. The Foundation is committed to supporting the healthy growth of the JavaScript ecosystem and web technologies by providing a neutral organization to host and sustain projects, as well as collaboratively fund activities for the benefit of the community at large.

The OpenJS Foundation is host to a number of open source JavaScript projects including jQuery, Node.js, and webpack. It's supported by 30 corporate and end-user members, including GoDaddy, Google, IBM, Intel, Joyent, and Microsoft. Electron is an open–source framework for building cross-platform desktop applications with web technologies.

This is an exciting move for Electron, and we see it as a next step in our evolution as an open-source project.

What this means for developers​

Electron joining the OpenJS Foundation does not change how Electron is made, released, or used — and does not directly affect developers building applications with Electron. Even though Electron was originally created at GitHub in 2013, it is currently maintained by a number of organizations and individuals. In 2019, Electron codified its governance structure and invested heavily into formalizing how decisions affecting the entire project are made. We believe that having multiple organizations and developers investing in and collaborating on Electron makes the project stronger.

Lifting Electron up from being owned by a single corporate entity and moving it into a neutral foundation focused on supporting the web and JavaScript ecosystem is a natural next step as we mature as an open-source project.

Learning more​

You can read up on the foundation, its mission, and its members on the OpenJSF website. For more information and quotes about the acceptance of Electron into the OpenJSF incubation program, check out the official press release. To learn more about the humans behind Electron and how they work together, take a look at our Governance page.

To get started with Electron itself, take a peek at our documentation.

🎉 Electron ist dabei, alle 12 Wochen eine neue stabile Hauptversion zu veröffentlichen! 🎉

⚡ Wow, das ist schnell! Aber warum?​

Einfach ausgedrückt: Chromium stellt seine Entwicklung nicht ein, also wird Electron auch nicht langsamer werden.

Chromium wird in einem konsistenten 6-wöchigen Zeitplan veröffentlicht. To deliver the most up-to-date versions of Chromium in Electron, our schedule needs to track theirs. More information around Chromium's release cycle can be found here.

: Rakete: Warum alle 12 Wochen?​

Alle 6 Wochen kommt eine neue Chromium-Version mit neuen Features, Bugfixes / Sicherheits-Fixes und V8 Verbesserungen. Die Electron-Benutzer haben laut und deutlich gesagt, dass sie diese Änderungen zeitnah haben wollen, also haben wir unsere stabilen Veröffentlichungsdaten so angepasst, dass sie mit denen aller anderen stabilen Chromium-Veröffentlichungen übereinstimmen. Electron v6.0.0 wird M76 enthalten und soll am 30. Juli 2019, dem gleichen Tag wie Chromium M76, veröffentlicht werden.

🚧 Was bedeutet das für mich und meine Electron App?​

Sie werden früher als bisher Zugang zu neuen Chromium- und V8-Funktionen und -Fixes haben. Wichtig ist, dass du auch wissen wirst, wenn diese neuen Änderungen kommen, so dass du mit besseren Informationen als bisher planen kannst.

Das Electron-Team wird den Support für die letzten drei Hauptversionen fortsetzen. Zum Beispiel, wenn v6.0.0 am 30. Juli 2019stabil wird, unterstützen wir v6.x, v5.x und v4.x, während v3.x Ende des Lebenszyklus erreichen wird.

💬 App Feedback Programm​

Bitte erwägen Sie, unserem App Feedback Programm beizutreten, um uns beim Testen unserer Beta-Versionen und der Stabilisierung zu helfen. Projects who participate in this program test Electron betas on their apps; and in return, the new bugs they find are prioritized for the stable release.

📝 Eine kurze Geschichte der Electron-Veröffentlichungen​

Die Entscheidungen über stabile Releases vor v3.0.0 folgten keinem Zeitplan. Wir haben dem Projekt interne Zeitpläne mit v3.0.0 und v4.0.0 hinzugefügt. Anfang dieses Jahres haben wir beschlossen, unser Stable-Veröffentlichungsdatum zum ersten Mal für Electron v5.0.0 bekannt zu geben. Die Ankündigung unserer stabilen Veröffentlichungsdaten wurde insgesamt positiv aufgenommen und wir freuen uns, dies für zukünftige Veröffentlichungen weiterhin tun zu können.

Um diese Verbesserungsbemühungen zu optimieren, wurden unsere Upgrades und Releases Arbeitsgruppen innerhalb unseres Governance Systems erstellt. Sie haben es uns ermöglicht, diese Arbeit besser zu priorisieren und zu delegieren, was hoffentlich mit jeder späteren Veröffentlichung deutlicher zutage treten wird.

Hier ist, wo unsere neue Kadenz uns im Vergleich zur Kadenz von Chromium platzieren wird:

📨 Wenn Sie Fragen haben, senden Sie uns bitte eine E-Mail an info@electronjs.org.

As Electron grows in popularity for desktop applications, the team working on it has also grown: we have more fulltime maintainers who work for different companies, live in different timezones, and have different interests. We're introducing a governance structure so we can keep growing smoothly.

Why are things changing?​

People in the Electron project coordinate in timezones around the world with volunteers, with full-time maintainers, and with several companies who all rely on Electron. Until now, we've been successful with informal coordination; but as the team has grown, we've found that the approach doesn't scale. We also want to make it easier for new contributors to find a place to call home in the project.

Arbeitsgruppe​

Electron governance includes working groups that are responsible for different parts of the project. We're starting out with seven groups:

• Community & Safety: Handles Code of Conduct issues.
• Docs & Tooling: Oversees externally-focused tooling (e.g. Fiddle, Forge) and the Electron documentation.
• Outreach: Helps grow the Electron community.
• Releases: Ensures releases are stable and on schedule.
• Security: Performs security testing and responds to security issues.
• Upgrades: Integrates upstream upgrades, such as new versions of V8, Chromium, and Node.
• Website: Maintains and improves the Electron website.

These groups will coordinate with each other, but each has their own meeting schedules and agendas to be productive on their own. More details on these groups are available at the governance repository.

Does this change the Electron project's direction?​

This shouldn't have any direct effect on Electron's direction. If our strategy is successful, working groups will make it easier for new contributors to find topics that interest them, and make maintainers' lives simpler by moving discussion unrelated to their day-to-day work to other groups. If that happens, it may indirectly affect things by having more unblocked people working together.

Where can I learn more?​

• The governance repo and charter have information about the new governance structure.
• Each working group has its own page: Community, Docs & Tools, Outreach, Releases, Security, Upgrades, and Website.
• You can contact the maintainers by opening an issue or mailing us at info@electronjs.org.

Das Electron Team wird die Unterstützung für 32-Bit Linux (ia32 / i386) ab Electron v4.0 einstellen. Die letzte Version von Electron, die 32-Bit-basierte Installationen von Linux unterstützt, ist Electron v3.1, die bis zur Veröffentlichung von Electron v6 Unterstützung erhalten wird. Support for 64-bit based Linux and armv7l will continue unchanged.

What exactly is Electron no longer supporting?​

You may have seen the description "64-bit" and "32-bit" as stickers on your computer or as options for downloading software. The term is used to describe a specific computer architecture. Most computers made in the 1990s and early 2000s were made with CPUs that were based on the 32-bit architecture, while most computers made later were based on the newer and more powerful 64-bit architecture. The Nintendo 64 (get it?) and the PlayStation 2 were the first widely available consumer devices with the new architecture, computers sold after 2010 contained almost exclusively 64-bit processors. As a result, support has been shrinking: Google stopped releasing Chrome for 32-bit Linux in March 2016, Canonical stopped providing 32-bit desktop images in 2017 and dropped support for 32-bit altogether with Ubuntu 18.10. Arch Linux, elementary OS, and other prominent Linux distributions have already dropped support for the aging processor architecture.

Until now, Electron has provided and supported builds that run on the older 32-bit architecture. From release v4.0 onwards, the Electron team will no longer be able to provide binaries or support for 32-bit Linux.

Electron has always been a vibrant open source project and we continue to support and encourage developers interested in building Electron for exotic architectures.

What does that mean for developers?​

If you are not currently providing 32-bit distributions of your app for Linux, no action is required.

Projects which ship 32-bit Linux Electron applications will need to decide how to proceed. 32-bit Linux will be supported on Electron 3 until the release of Electron 6, which gives some time to make decisions and plans.

What does that mean for users?​

If you are a Linux user and not sure whether or not you're running a 64-bit based system, you are likely running on a 64-bit based architecture. To make sure, you can run the lscpu or uname -m commands in your terminal. Either one will print your current architecture.

If you are using Linux on a 32-bit processor, you have likely already encountered difficulties finding recently released software for your operating system. The Electron team joins other prominent members in the Linux community by recommending that you upgrade to a 64-bit based architecture.

If you're having trouble using a native Node.js addon with Electron 5.0, there's a chance it needs to be updated to work with the most recent version of V8.

Goodbye v8::Handle, Hello v8::Local​

In 2014, the V8 team deprecated v8::Handle in favor of v8::Local for local handles. Electron 5.0 includes a version of V8 that has finally removed v8::Handle for good, and native Node.js addons that still use it will need to be updated before they can be used with Electron 5.0.

The required code change is minimal, but every native Node module that still uses v8::Handle will fail to build with Electron 5.0 and will need to be modified. The good news is that Node.js v12 will also include this V8 change, so any modules that use v8::Handle will need to be updated anyway to work with the upcoming version of Node.

I maintain a native addon, how can I help?​

If you maintain a native addon for Node.js, ensure you replace all occurrences of v8::Handle with v8::Local. The former was just an alias of the latter, so no other changes need to be made to address this specific issue.

You may also be interested in looking into N-API, which is maintained separately from V8 as a part of Node.js itself, and aims to insulate native addons from changes in the underlying JavaScript engine. You can find more information in the N-API documentation on the Node.js website.

Hilfe! I use a native addon in my app and it won't work!​

If you're consuming a native addon for Node.js in your app and the native addon will not build because of this issue, check with the author of the addon to see if they've released a new version that fixes the problem. If not, reaching out to the author (or opening a Pull Request!) is probably your best bet.

Electron now uses GN to build itself. Here's a discussion of why.

GYP and GN

Als Electron 2013 zum ersten Mal veröffentlicht wurde, wurde die Chromium-Build-Konfiguration mit GYPgeschrieben, kurz für "Generate Your Projects".

2014 das Chromium-Projekt führte ein neues Build-Konfigurationswerkzeug namens GN ein (kurz für "Generate Ninja") Die Build-Dateien von Chromium wurden auf GN migriert und GYP wurde aus dem Quellcode entfernt.

Electron hat historisch eine Trennung zwischen dem Hauptcode Electron und libchromiumcontentbeibehalten, der Teil von Electron, der Chromium's 'content' Submodul umfasst. Electron has carried on using GYP, while libchromiumcontent -- as a subset of Chromium -- switched to GN when Chromium did.

Like gears that don't quite mesh, there was friction between using the two build systems. Maintaining compatibility was error-prone, from compiler flags and #defines that needed to be meticulously kept in sync between Chromium, Node, V8, and Electron.

To address this, the Electron team has been working on moving everything to GN. Today, the commit to remove the last of the GYP code from Electron was landed in master.

Was das für dich bedeutet

If you're contributing to Electron itself, the process of checking out and building Electron from master or 4.0.0 is very different than it was in 3.0.0 and earlier. See the GN build instructions for details.

If you're developing an app with Electron, there are a few minor changes you might notice in the new Electron 4.0.0-nightly; but more than likely, Electron's change in build system will be totally transparent to you.

What this means for Electron

GN is faster than GYP and its files are more readable and maintainable. Moreover, we hope that using a single build configuration system will reduce the work required to upgrade Electron to new versions of Chromium.

• It's already helped development on Electron 4.0.0 substantially because Chromium 67 removed support for MSVC and switched to building with Clang on Windows. With the GN build, we inherit all the compiler commands from Chromium directly, so we got the Clang build on Windows for free!

• It's also made it easier for Electron to use BoringSSL in a unified build across Electron, Chromium, and Node -- something that was problematic before.

Elektron 1.4. 2 enthält einen wichtigen Patch, der ein Upstream Chrome Problem behebt, bei dem einige Symantec, GeoTrust, und Thawte SSL/TLS-Zertifikate werden 10 Wochen nach der Build-Zeit von libchromiumcontent, der zugrundeliegenden Chrome-Bibliothek von Electronic falsch abgelehnt. There are no issues with the certificates used on the affected sites and replacing these certificates will not help.

In Electron 1.4.0 — 1.4.11 HTTPS requests to sites using these affected certificates will fail with network errors after a certain date. This affects HTTPS requests made using Chrome's underlying networking APIs such as window.fetch, Ajax requests, Electron's net API, BrowserWindow.loadURL, webContents.loadURL, the src attribute on a <webview> tag, and others.

Upgrading your applications to 1.4.12 will prevent these request failures from occurring.

Note: This issue was introduced in Chrome 53 so Electron versions earlier than 1.4.0 are not affected.

Impact Dates​

Below is a table of each Electron 1.4 version and the date when requests to sites using these affected certificates will start to fail.

You can verify your app's impact date by setting your computer's clock ahead and then check to see if https://symbeta.symantec.com/welcome/ successfully loads from it.

More Information​

You can read more about this topic, the original issue, and the fix at the following places:

• What is Certificate Transparency?
• Symtantec knowledge base article
• Chrome issue 664177
• Chrome fix for issue 664177
• libchromiumcontent patch for issue 664177

As of Electron version 1.3.1, you can npm install electron --save-dev to install the latest precompiled version of Electron in your app.

The prebuilt Electron binary​

If you've ever worked on an Electron app before, you've likely come across the electron-prebuilt npm package. This package is an indispensable part of nearly every Electron project. When installed, it detects your operating system and downloads a prebuilt binary that is compiled to work on your system's architecture.

The new name​

The Electron installation process was often a stumbling block for new developers. Many brave people tried to get started developing an Electron by app by running npm install electron instead of npm install electron-prebuilt, only to discover (often after much confusion) that it was not the electron they were looking for.

This was because there was an existing electron project on npm, created before GitHub's Electron project existed. To help make Electron development easier and more intuitive for new developers, we reached out to the owner of the existing electron npm package to ask if he'd be willing to let us use the name. Luckily he was a fan of our project, and agreed to help us repurpose the name.

Prebuilt lives on​

As of version 1.3.1, we have begun publishing electron and electron-prebuilt packages to npm in tandem. The two packages are identical. We chose to continue publishing the package under both names for a while so as not to inconvenience the thousands of developers who are currently using electron-prebuilt in their projects. We recommend updating your package.json files to use the new electron dependency, but we will continue releasing new versions of electron-prebuilt until the end of 2016.

The electron-userland/electron-prebuilt repository will remain the canonical home of the electron npm package.

Many thanks​

We owe a special thanks to @mafintosh, @maxogden, and many other contributors for creating and maintaining electron-prebuilt, and for their tireless service to the JavaScript, Node.js, and Electron communities.

And thanks to @logicalparadox for allowing us to take over the electron package on npm.

Updating your projects​

We've worked with the community to update popular packages that are affected by this change. Packages like electron-packager, electron-rebuild, and electron-builder have already been updated to work with the new name while continuing to support the old name.

If you encounter any problems installing this new package, please let us know by opening an issue on the electron-userland/electron-prebuilt repository.

For any other issues with Electron, please use the electron/electron repository.

Atom Shell is now called Electron. Erfahren Sie mehr über Electron und was die Leute damit bauen, in seiner neuen Heimat electronjs.org.

Electron ist die plattformübergreifende Anwendungs-Shell die wir ursprünglich für den Atom-Editor entwickelt haben, um die Chromium/Node.js Ereignisschleifenintegration und native APIs zu verwalten.

When we got started, our goal wasn't just to support the needs of a text editor. We also wanted to create a straightforward framework that would allow people to use web technologies to build cross-platform desktop apps with all of the native trimmings.

In two years, Electron has grown immensely. It now includes automatic app updates, Windows installers, crash reporting, notifications, and other useful native app features — all exposed through JavaScript APIs. And we have more in the works. We plan to extract even more libraries from Atom to make building a native app with web technologies as easy as possible.

So far, individual developers, early-stage startups, and large companies have built apps on Electron. They've created a huge range of apps — including chat apps, database explorers, map designers, collaborative design tools, and mobile prototyping apps.

Check out the new electronjs.org to see more of the apps people have built on Electron or take a look at the docs to learn more about what else you can make.

If you've already gotten started, we'd love to chat with you about the apps you're building on Electron. Email info@electronjs.org to tell us more. You can also follow the new @ElectronJS Twitter account to stay connected with the project.

⚡ 💙 🔌